Quantitative Analyses of Chemical Elements in Phragmites australis as Bioindication of Anthropization in Urban Lakes

Urban areas face numerous provocations, such as air, water, and soil contamination. Additionally, urban lakes have beneficial services that contribute to sustainability. In aquatic ecosystems, X-ray fluorescence can provide complex answers regarding the presence of elements associated with environmental risk. The study aimed screen different potentials (critical raw materials—CRMs; toxic; potentially toxic) from Phragmites australis leaves along Colentina river. samples peri-urban river courses highlighted for ecosystems human health. investigated stations were influenced by regional anthropogenic pressures, where P. absorption dominant found in environment. From total 56 present samples, some structural roles (K, Si, Ca, Cl), are CRM category, airborne heavy metals rare metals. Furthermore, among CRMs, cesium, lanthanum, magnesium, phosphorus, vanadium, sulfur, holmium, titanium recorded higher values. Although values source low concentrations, spatial differences highlighted. agricultural ones.